. Sprinkler Systems

Principle: Automatic activation upon heat rise, releasing water through sprinklers connected to a pipe network.

Types:

• Wet Pipe: Always filled with water (most common).

• Dry Pipe: Uses compressed air, suitable for areas prone to freezing.

• Deluge: All sprinklers open simultaneously, ideal for high-risk areas.

• Pre-action: Requires dual verification (alarm + heat), ideal for museums and server rooms.

Applications: Warehouses, commercial centers, hospitals.

2. Clean Agent Gas Systems

Advantages: Rapid extinguishment without damaging electronic equipment, environmentally friendly.

Types:

• FM-200: Effective in heat absorption, but may pose risks in confined spaces.

• NOVEC 1230: An environmentally friendly alternative with a shorter atmospheric lifespan.

Applications: Data centers, control rooms, archives.

3. Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) System

How it Works: Suffocates the fire by reducing oxygen concentration.

Warnings: Dangerous to humans in confined spaces → requires strict evacuation procedures.

Applications: Electrical rooms, manufacturing laboratories.

4. Foam Systems

Unique Feature: Forms an insulating layer that prevents oxygen access and cools the surface.

Applications: Fuel stations, industrial kitchens, chemical plants.

Considerations: Choice of foam type (AFFF/AR-AFFF) depends on the burning material.

5. Fire Pumps

Function: Ensure adequate water pressure and flow through the network.

Requirements:

• Backup power source (generators or diesel pumps).

• Periodic pressure testing according to NFPA 20 standards.

Critical Design Insights

Initial Assessment: Analysis of risk type (electrical/liquid/solid fires) and space size.

System Integration: Linking suppression systems with smoke detectors and audible/visual alarms.

Regulatory Compliance: Adherence to NFPA, ISO, and local regulations.

Proactive Maintenance:

• Monthly pressure and supply inspections.

• Annual full-performance testing.

• Staff training on emergency procedures.

The Best Choice? System Integration!

There is no "one-size-fits-all" system. The optimal solution often lies in integrating systems, such as:

• Sprinklers for public areas.

• Clean agents for technical zones.

• Foam for industrial areas. 
  ...while ensuring component compatibility and the availability of backup pumps.

Statistics show that buildings equipped with sprinklers reduce fire-related fatalities by 87% (source: NFPA). This confirms that investing in these systems is not just an option, but an ethical and legal responsibility!